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Avqustda 1$1$ WHOHTUDI DJHQWOL\L LOԥ PTDYLOԥVLQL Wԥ]ԥ
Oԥ\LE LNLQFL GԥIԥ øVSDQL\D\D \ROODQÕU Yԥ \HQԥ ³)ORULGD´ RWHOLQԥ
\HUOԥúLE JOOԥ \D÷PXUX DOWÕQGD UHVSXEOLND NRPDQGDQOÕ÷ÕQÕQ Pԥ
VXO WDSúÕUÕTODUÕQÕ \HULQԥ \HWLULU PԥQ]LOTԥUDUJDKD oHYLUGL\L HOԥ
KԥPLQ RWHOGԥFԥ ³%HúLQFL GԥVWԥ´ S\HVL ]ԥULQGԥ LúOԥ\LU
Oktyabrda ³oÕ[ÕU
7Ԥ5&h0Ԥdø'Ԥ1 5RPDQÕQ EDú TԥKUԥPDQÕ ± +HPLQTXH\LQ
úDK ԥVԥUL RODQ ³4RFD Yԥ GԥQL]´GԥNL NXEDOÕ EDOÕToÕ 6DQW\DTRQXQ FDYDQ
OÕT G|YUQ [DWÕUODGDQ IORULGDOÕ EDOÕToÕ +DUUL 0RUTDQ |] DLOԥVLQL GRODQ
GÕUPDT oQ TD]DQF PԥTVԥGLOԥ D÷ODJԥOPԥ] ULVNOԥUԥ JHWPԥN PԥFEXUL\
\ԥWLQGԥ TDOÕU 6RQXQFX ULVN RQD EDKD EDúD JԥOLU ± EDQNÕ TDUԥW HGԥQ .X
ED LQTLODEoÕODUÕQÕQ EԥG QL\\ԥWLQL DQOD\DQ +DUUL RQODUÕ |OGUPԥOL ROXU
'|UG TDUԥWoLQL WԥNEDúÕQD PԥKY HGԥQ +DUUL EX YD[W |OPFO \DUDODQÕU
VDKLO PKDIL]ԥVLQLQ TD\Õ÷Õ RQX [ԥVWԥ[DQD\D JԥWLUVԥ Gԥ 0RUTDQÕQ Kԥ
\DWÕQÕ [LODV HWPԥN PPNQ ROPXU
5RPDQ P[WԥOLI LOOԥUGԥ +ROOLYXGGD o GԥIԥ (1944, 1950, 1958-
ci illΩrdΩ) HNUDQODúGÕUÕOÕE %XQODUGDQ ԥQ X÷XUOXVX 8)RONQHULQ VVHQDULVL
ԥVDVÕQGD oԥNLOԥQ ELULQFL HNUDQ ԥVԥULGLU )RONQHU URPDQÕQ VMHW [ԥWWLQԥ
[H\OL Gԥ\LúLNOLN Yԥ ԥODYԥOԥU HWVԥ Gԥ WDPDúDoÕODU Yԥ NLQR WԥQTLGoLOԥUL
PԥK] EX VVHQDUL ԥVDVÕQGD oԥNLOԥQ ILOPL GDKD \NVԥN TL\PԥWOԥQGLULUOԥU
1938
Yanvarda +HPLQTXH\ $%ùD TD\ÕGÕU
Martda LVSDQ UHVSXEOLNDoÕODUÕQÕQ KԥUEL X÷XUVX]OXTODUÕ Yԥ
DPHULNDQ EH\QԥOPLOԥO EULTDGDVÕQÕQ FLGGL LWNLOԥUOԥ ]OԥúPԥVL
[ԥEԥULQL HúLGԥQ \D]ÕoÕ oQF GԥIԥ øVSDQL\D\D G|QU apreli
FԥEKԥGԥ NHoLULU mayda 0DGULGGԥ DF\DODYDF oDOÕúPDOÕ ROXU
0DGULGGԥQ oÕ[DUNԥQ XoXú ԥUԥIԥVLQGԥ R ԥOԥ NHoPԥPԥN oQ
KԥPoLQLQ ԥVLU Gúԥ ELOԥFԥ\LQL J|] DOWÕQD DOÕE KԥUEL ԥKԥPL\\ԥWOL
EWQ ԥO\D]PDODUÕQÕ \DQGÕUPDT PԥFEXUL\\ԥWLQGԥ TDOÕU
øyunda .OLYOHQGGԥ (Ohayo útatÕ) ³øVSDQ WRUSD÷Õ´ ILOPLQLQ
GLNWRU PԥWQL Yԥ ILOPԥ V|]DUGÕ RODQ ³øVWL Yԥ VR\XT´ \D]ÕVÕ oDSGDQ
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YZG
Oԥ\LE LNLQFL GԥIԥ øVSDQL\D\D \ROODQÕU Yԥ \HQԥ ³)ORULGD´ RWHOLQԥ
\HUOԥúLE JOOԥ \D÷PXUX DOWÕQGD UHVSXEOLND NRPDQGDQOÕ÷ÕQÕQ Pԥ
VXO WDSúÕUÕTODUÕQÕ \HULQԥ \HWLULU PԥQ]LOTԥUDUJDKD oHYLUGL\L HOԥ
KԥPLQ RWHOGԥFԥ ³%HúLQFL GԥVWԥ´ S\HVL ]ԥULQGԥ LúOԥ\LU
Oktyabrda ³
7Ԥ5&h0Ԥdø'Ԥ1 5RPDQÕQ EDú TԥKUԥPDQÕ ± +HPLQTXH\LQ
úDK ԥVԥUL RODQ ³4RFD Yԥ GԥQL]´GԥNL NXEDOÕ EDOÕToÕ 6DQW\DTRQXQ FDYDQ
OÕT G|YUQ [DWÕUODGDQ IORULGDOÕ EDOÕToÕ +DUUL 0RUTDQ |] DLOԥVLQL GRODQ
GÕUPDT oQ TD]DQF PԥTVԥGLOԥ D÷ODJԥOPԥ] ULVNOԥUԥ JHWPԥN PԥFEXUL\
\ԥWLQGԥ TDOÕU 6RQXQFX ULVN RQD EDKD EDúD JԥOLU ± EDQNÕ TDUԥW HGԥQ .X
ED LQTLODEoÕODUÕQÕQ EԥG QL\\ԥWLQL DQOD\DQ +DUUL RQODUÕ |OGUPԥOL ROXU
'|UG TDUԥWoLQL WԥNEDúÕQD PԥKY HGԥQ +DUUL EX YD[W |OPFO \DUDODQÕU
VDKLO PKDIL]ԥVLQLQ TD\Õ÷Õ RQX [ԥVWԥ[DQD\D JԥWLUVԥ Gԥ 0RUTDQÕQ Kԥ
\DWÕQÕ [LODV HWPԥN PPNQ ROPXU
5RPDQ P[WԥOLI LOOԥUGԥ +ROOLYXGGD o GԥIԥ (1944, 1950, 1958-
ci illΩrdΩ) HNUDQODúGÕUÕOÕE %XQODUGDQ ԥQ X÷XUOXVX 8)RONQHULQ VVHQDULVL
ԥVDVÕQGD oԥNLOԥQ ELULQFL HNUDQ ԥVԥULGLU )RONQHU URPDQÕQ VMHW [ԥWWLQԥ
[H\OL Gԥ\LúLNOLN Yԥ ԥODYԥOԥU HWVԥ Gԥ WDPDúDoÕODU Yԥ NLQR WԥQTLGoLOԥUL
PԥK] EX VVHQDUL ԥVDVÕQGD oԥNLOԥQ ILOPL GDKD \NVԥN TL\PԥWOԥQGLULUOԥU
1938
Yanvarda +HPLQTXH\ $%ùD TD\ÕGÕU
Martda LVSDQ UHVSXEOLNDoÕODUÕQÕQ KԥUEL X÷XUVX]OXTODUÕ Yԥ
DPHULNDQ EH\QԥOPLOԥO EULTDGDVÕQÕQ FLGGL LWNLOԥUOԥ ]OԥúPԥVL
[ԥEԥULQL HúLGԥQ \D]ÕoÕ oQF GԥIԥ øVSDQL\D\D G|QU apreli
FԥEKԥGԥ NHoLULU mayda 0DGULGGԥ DF\DODYDF oDOÕúPDOÕ ROXU
0DGULGGԥQ oÕ[DUNԥQ XoXú ԥUԥIԥVLQGԥ R ԥOԥ NHoPԥPԥN oQ
KԥPoLQLQ ԥVLU Gúԥ ELOԥFԥ\LQL J|] DOWÕQD DOÕE KԥUEL ԥKԥPL\\ԥWOL
EWQ ԥO\D]PDODUÕQÕ \DQGÕUPDT PԥFEXUL\\ԥWLQGԥ TDOÕU
øyunda .OLYOHQGGԥ (Ohayo útatÕ) ³øVSDQ WRUSD÷Õ´ ILOPLQLQ
GLNWRU PԥWQL Yԥ ILOPԥ V|]DUGÕ RODQ ³øVWL Yԥ VR\XT´ \D]ÕVÕ oDSGDQ
oÕ[ÕU
YZG
